קָשָׁה
qâshâh · kaw-shaw'
properly, to be dense, i.e. tough or severe (in various applications)
Lexicon
Derivation: a primitive root;
properly, to be dense, i.e. tough or severe (in various applications)
Definition from Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (1890). Wording is Strong's own, including his etymological notes, which are not separate meanings.
KJV renderings: be cruel, be fiercer, make grievous, be ((ask a), be in, have, seem, would) hard(-en, (labour), -ly, thing), be sore, (be, make) stiff(-en, (-necked)).
Letters
- קQof100
Picture: the back of the head, or the sun on the horizon
- Concrete
- back of the head · rising sun · circle
- Extended
- what is behind · the last · a cycle · to come around again
- שShin300
Picture: two front teeth (or a composite bow)
- Concrete
- teeth · sharp · press · bow
- Extended
- to consume · to destroy · to press or grind · to change · again
- הHe5
Picture: a person with both arms raised
- Concrete
- a man calling out · a window · breath
- Extended
- behold! · revelation · to reveal · the (definite article)
Possible cultural reading (auto-composed)
what comes behind, the returning cycle › to consume, to destroy › to reveal, behold
What comes behind, the returning cycle that works to consume, to destroy that works to reveal, behold.
Interpretive, not lexical. The dictionary sense of קָשָׁה above is the attested meaning; this pictographic reading is a tradition about how the sign-shapes may have been heard. Both can be held at once, they are answering different questions.
Usage
28 occurrences · 28 OT · 0 NT · 22 distinct forms
KJV renderings of this word, by how often each one is used.
- grievous2 · 7%
- but hardened2 · 7%
- and hardened2 · 7%
- and she had hard1 · 4%
- and it came to pass, when she was in hard1 · 4%
- for it was cruel1 · 4%
- and i will harden1 · 4%
- would hardly1 · 4%
- that is too hard1 · 4%
- hardened1 · 4%
- and be no more stiffnecked1 · 4%
- it shall not seem hard1 · 4%
- is sore1 · 4%
- were fiercer1 · 4%
- made1 · 4%
- a hard thing1 · 4%
- now be ye not stiffnecked1 · 4%
- but he stiffened1 · 4%
- among them; but hardened1 · 4%
- who hath hardened1 · 4%
- harden1 · 4%
- but he that hardeneth1 · 4%
- hardeneth1 · 4%
- through it, hardly bestead1 · 4%
- stiff1 · 4%
Where it is used, by book.
Inflected forms found in the text.
Counts are computed from the tagged Hebrew and Greek text aligned to the King James Version, not from an estimate.